Pelvic Pain

Dysmenorrhea
Pain during menstruation. Primary dysmenorrhea appears from the first menstruation and no apparent cause is found. while in secondary dysmenorrhea there is apparent pelvic pathology.

Endometriosis
This is the appearance of pelvic pain, and series of physical and psychological symptoms in the second phase of the ovulatory cycle of women.

Premenstrual syndrome
Consiste en la aparición de dolor pélvico, así como una serie de síntomas físicos y psíquicos en la segunda fase del ciclo ovulatorio de la mujer.

Adhesions
Scar tissues that join together unusually after surgical procedures.

Endometriosis
It may be cyclical, but the pain can also be unrelated to the menstrual cycle.

Salpingo Oophoritis
This refers to simultaneous acute or chronic fallopian tube and ovary inflammation.

Remaining ovary syndrome
It is the appearance of pelvic pain in patients who have previously undergone a hysterectomy, and the ovaries are preserved.

Pelvic congestion syndrome
Pelvic Congestion Syndrome is a set of symptoms of CPP responsible for the presence of varicose veins at ovarian or uterine level.

Ovarian and uterine neoplasms
Most tumors of the reproductive organs, whether benign or malignant, can cause acute or chronic pain.

Pelvic inflammatory disease
Chronic pain arising from pelvic inflammatory disease due to recurrent episodes of urinary tract infections, or residual damage from past episodes of pelvic infection.

Gastrointestinal causes
The main cause of gastrointestinal pelvic pain is the irritable bowel syndrome. It is a functional disease, which means that the pain arises from a change in bowel habit rather than an organic component.

Genitourinary causes
The CPP of urological origin is due to the close anatomical and embryological relationship that exist at the urological and pelvic level. The urethra, bladder and vagina derive from the urogenital sinus, which is the embryonic structure where the external genitals and urethra originate. In males this leads to the prostate and the prostatic urethra, while in women it leads to the urethra and a portion of the vagina.

Neurological causes
The trapping of a nerve in a scar can lead to pain in the scar or nerve distribution.

Muscle Pain
Pain may be caused by primary muscle dysfunction, ie alteration in the relaxation-contraction of opposing muscle groups.

Pelvic Mechanic Pain
Pregnancy or trauma can lead to an altered alignment of the central part of the body (chest, spine, pelvis, etc.).

CPP is influence by numerous factors: physical, psychological and social. The influence of each varies depending on the patient and can be modified in the same patient throughout his illness.

Apart from gynecological and urological factors, there are also neurological factors that can cause pelvic nerve disorders. Nerve damage during surgery is a major cause of neuropathic pain. This type of nerve damage may occur during radical surgery (radical hysterectomy due to gynecologic cancer, surgery for deep infiltrating endometriosis) or less radical surgery (simple hysterectomy or surgery due to uterine prolapse).
Nerve damage can lead to untreatable nerve pain, such as vulvodynia (vulvar pain), coccydynia (pain in the coccyx), pudendal nerve pain (pain in the pubic area) and sciatica (pain in the buttocks, back and legs).